Lasers are used in a multitude of conditions for the retina.
Retinal photocoagulation is the mechanism of action. In this phenomenon, light energy is converted to hear at the level of the retina, leading to protein denaturation.
Indications
Proliferative Diabetic Retinopathy
Diabetic Macular Edema
Vascular Occlusion
Central Serous Chorioretinopathy
Retinal Breaks
Retinal Detachment
Mechanism of Action
A direct action on the vessels
Closure and reduced leakage
Scarring + Burns of the layers of the retina
Reduced oxygen demands
Increased oxygenation of the inner retina
Photocoagulation
Retinal cell activation
Cytokine production
Reduction of vascular growth factor + Edema
Types of Lasers
Green (Argon) laser
Yellow laser:
Sealing the leaky blood vessels
Photodynamic laser:
Using a drug (Visudyne) + Red laser. This is used to seal abnormal and leaking retinal vessels.
Yag Laser:
This type of laser is used to create a opening of the membrane that is frequently formed on the implanted intraocular lens.
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